This paper presents a technique to improve mean-squared error of CHIRP RATE and central frequency ESTIMATION in high signal to noise ratios in Discrete Phase Transform and Improved Discrete Phase Transform methods. The ESTIMATION of CHIRP signal parameters is used in many signal processing fields such as intercept radars, SARs, ISARs, and disrupting enemy radars. Increasing the ESTIMATION accuracy of CHIRP signal parameters in these applications is of great importance. In this paper, in order to increase the ESTIMATION accuracy of CHIRP signal parameters in Discrete Phase Transform and Improved Discrete Phase Transform methods, instead of periodogram frequency ESTIMATION, the proposed technique is used. Simulation results show that this technique reduces the computational complexity of these methods and increases the ESTIMATION accuracy of CHIRP signal parameters.

Amongst the approaches proposed to estimate parameters of a CHIRP signal sequentially, i. e., the central frequency and the CHIRP RATE, algorithms, such as Discrete Polynomial-Phase Transform (DPT) and promoted DPT, exhibit acceptable ESTIMATION accuracy. Algorithms intended to estimate phase parameters sequentially, diminish the order of polynomials in complex exponential power to lower-order polynomials, and then estimate these two parameters using the NLS method in a given single exponential mode. The NLS method, which uses FFT to decrease the computational load of frequency domain search, encounters predicaments. In this work, we assessed the bias of algorithms intended for estimating of phase parameters sequentially using the RBF method. The results of investigating the bias of estimators indicated the improved accuracy of the DPT and promoted DPT algorithms in ESTIMATION using the RBF method instead of NLS and also than DCFT method.

Symbol RATE is one of the key values that a receiver needs to know to find out the information contained in the received signal. In situations where the receiver is not aware of this value, it is necessary to use an ESTIMATION algorithm to achieve the goal. The subject of this article is "symbol RATE ESTIMATION in frequency selective multi path channels" that is more complicated than the Gaussian channel. In this article, after studying some of available sources and methods in this field, an algorithm is proposed to estimate the symbol RATE in frequency selective multi path channel. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been discussed in the HF and LTE frequency selective channels with bursts contained of 100 symbols. The curves that considered to determine the performance of the algorithm are the percentage of correct ESTIMATION and the NMSE graphs. for the channels which the estimator's performance is measured, in the SNR equal to zero decibels, percentage of correct ESTIMATION is more than 95% and the NMSE of ESTIMATIONs is almost 0. 001.

This paper estimates a social discount RATE for Iran for the purpose of economic evaluation of investment projects such as those aimed at improving the nation's welfare. The component parameters of this RATE are, the growth RATE of per capital consumption in real term, the elasticity of the marginal utility of consumption and mortality-based discount RATE. Based upon time series data the overall figure out of be %7.2, that appears to be reasonable and thus may be used in cost-benefit analysis in the country.

The effect of exchange RATE change on prices, which is known as exchange RATE pass-through in economic literature, has been one of the important factors of inflationary pressures in Iran's economy. In order to estimate the degree of exchange RATE pass-through, a vector error correction model for Iran's macroeconomics with two long run structural relationships including the long run price relationship and the long run real production relationship. Considering that during the recent decades, Iran's economy has mainly witnessed the multiple exchange RATE system, the ESTIMATION of the exchange RATE pass-through based solely on the unofficial exchange RATE and without considering the preferential RATEs cannot be relied upon. For this reason, the estimated model includes three exchange RATEs (the unofficial exchange RATE, and tow preferential exchange RATE (Nima and Mobadele) to exchange RATE pass-through can be estimated sepaRATEly for each RATE. The results indicate that the degree of exchange RATE pass-through for the preferential exchange RATEs (Mobadele and Nima) in the long run (six years) is equal to 8/9% and 8/4% and in the case of fixing preferential RATEs, the degree of exchange RATE pass-through will decrease from 2/46% to 6/30%. The results also indicate that although the fixing of preferential exchange RATEs leads to a decrease in the degree of exchange RATE pass-through during the stabilization period, but it will increase in the same proportion during the adjustment period of the preferential exchange RATEs.

In this article, an attempt has been made to estimate the amount of sound transmission loss in a flat oval channel by applying the approach of statistical energy analysis. Correct ESTIMATION of sound transmission loss in an air conditioning channel is of great importance due to the harmful effects of noise pollution in the environment on human health. Simulation with the statistical energy analysis method is a powerful approach to estimate sound and vibration in problems in which we deal with complex and multi-part systems; is considered. In this method, first, a system is divided into several subsystems, and then by writing a matrix equation that includes the energy exchanges between subsystems and energy loss coefficients; It is investigated from the perspective of vibration and sound ESTIMATION.On average, the model presented in this research is able to estimate the sound transmission loss in different dimensions of the air conditioning channels according to the experimental results in the accuracy range of ± 2.5 dB. Considering that it seems that the results obtained from modeling with this method are in good agreement with the experimental data; The results of this research can be used as an efficient approach to estimate noise in oval shaped channels stretched in different lengths.